Concepts

The Artemis program is a crewed spaceflight program led by NASA. It aims to return humans to the Moon and establish a sustainable lunar presence as a stepping stone to Mars.

Cloud computing is the delivery of computing resources — servers, storage, databases, networking — over the internet, on demand. It shifted infrastructure from a capital expense to a metered utility.

GPU computing is the use of graphics processors for general-purpose calculation. Massively parallel arithmetic makes GPUs many times faster than CPUs for the linear-algebra kernels at the heart of modern AI.

The internet is a global network of interconnected computer networks that use the TCP/IP protocol suite. It underlies the web, email, streaming media, and modern communication.

Machine learning is a field of computer science concerned with algorithms that improve their performance on a task by learning from data rather than by being explicitly programmed.

Open source is a way of making software in which the source code is publicly available and can be studied, modified, and redistributed under a licence. It is the operating model of most modern infrastructure.

Reinforcement learning is a branch of machine learning in which an agent learns to act in an environment by receiving rewards or penalties. It is the technique behind superhuman game-playing systems.

The World Wide Web is an information system on top of the internet. It was invented by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in 1989 and is what most people mean when they say 'the internet'.